31 MAR 2026 · Court Case

Rushing v. Rushing et al.

Fabricated: Case Law

Court: CA MinnesottaParty: Pro Se Litigant

Secondary evidenceHarms: Hallucination in legal filingsIssuing institution: CA Minnesotta

26 MAR 2026 · Court Case

The Advocates for Human Rights and L.H.M. v. U.S. Department of Homeland Security, et al.

False Quotes: Case Law | Brief riddled with misquotations

Court: D. Minnesota

Secondary evidenceHarms: Hallucination in legal filingsIssuing institution: D. Minnesota

18 MAR 2026 · Working Paper

Minnesota HF 4452 (Chatbot Prohibitions, Liability 2026)

Defines "chatbot" and "companion chatbot" and regulates their usage. Prohibits proprietors of chatbots from allowing chatbots to provide any services requiring a professional license, such as legal or mental health advice, and holds them liable for violations, irrespective of user notification. Requires proprietors to provide clear notice to users in Minnesota that they are interacting with an AI system. Mandates proprietors of companion chatbots to actively prevent self-harm by users and ...

Official materialNational StrategyOfficial source · revisor.mn.gov ↗

04 FEB 2026 · Court Case

Sophia Madigan v. Graco Inc.

Fabricated: Case Law | Plaintiff cited "LaPoint v. Family Orthodontics, P.A., 2020 WL 6118773 (D. Minn. Oct. 16, 2020)" for a point about HR treating a doctor's note as optional; the court found the decision at that citation is an unrelated SEC case and the Minnesota Supreme Court LaPoint decision exists but does not support plaintiff's contention. || Fabricated: Case Law | Plaintiff cited "Hernandez v. Best Buy Co., 2012 WL 1970771 (D. Minn. May 31, 2012)" to support an MPLA argument; the court found no such decision at that citation (the citation corresponds to an unrelated Sixth Circuit insurance case). Court noted the citation was incorrect after defendant pointed it out.

Court: D. MinnesotaParty: Lawyer

Secondary evidenceHarms: Hallucination in legal filingsIssuing institution: D. Minnesota

02 FEB 2026 · Court Case

Yang v. University of Minnesota

Misrepresented: Case Law

Court: CA MinnesotaParty: Pro Se Litigant

Secondary evidenceHarms: Hallucination in legal filingsIssuing institution: CA Minnesota

07 JAN 2026 · Court Case

Ramos v. Ramos

Fabricated: Case Law | Appellant cited cases the court was unable to locate; court treated the arguments relying on those authorities as forfeited and cited general concerns about AI-generated fake cases.

Court: CA MinnesotaParty: Pro Se Litigant

Secondary evidenceHarms: Hallucination in legal filingsIssuing institution: CA Minnesota

01 JAN 2026 · Law / Act

Minnesota SF 1886

Minnesota legislation addressing AI systems with obligations for deployers, developers, and distributors. This legislation has been signed into law.

Secondary evidenceGenerative AI ·Data Privacy & ProtectionIssuing institution: Issuing authority not identified

07 NOV 2025 · Court Case

James Andrew Grimmer v. Citibank, N.A.

Fabricated: Case Law | Plaintiff cited this case in his opposition brief; the Court confirmed it does not exist and cited it as one of several nonexistent authorities identified by defendant. || Fabricated: Case Law | Plaintiff cited this authority in his opposition brief; the Court confirmed the citation is to a nonexistent decision. || Fabricated: Case Law | Plaintiff included this Third Circuit citation in his brief; the Court determined the opinion does not exist in reporters or databases. || Fabricated: Case Law | Plaintiff cited this D. Minn. opinion (Westlaw cite); the Court independently confirmed the decision cannot be located and is a fabricated citation.

Court: D. MinnesotaParty: Pro Se Litigant

Secondary evidenceHarms: Hallucination in legal filingsIssuing institution: D. Minnesota

21 OCT 2025 · Court Case

Leila Kasso v. Police Officers’ Federation of Minneapolis

Fabricated: Case Law | Plaintiff cited an existing case with incorrect citation details (wrong court/year). || Fabricated: Case Law | Plaintiff cited a case that does not exist. || False Quotes: Case Law | Plaintiff quoted language attributed to a case and misattributed its jurisdiction; quoted language does not appear in the actual opinion. || Misrepresented: Case Law | Plaintiff relied on real cases for propositions they do not support (misstating the holdings). || Misrepresented: Case Law | Plaintiff relied on a real case but cited it for propositions the Court found it did not stand for.

Court: D. MinnesotaParty: Pro Se Litigant

Secondary evidenceHarms: Hallucination in legal filingsIssuing institution: D. Minnesota

17 OCT 2025 · Court Case

Twyla Leach Minnesota DHS et al.

False Quotes: Case Law | Plaintiff's supplementary memorandum included a quotation attributed to a cited case; the quoted language does not appear in that case and could not be located elsewhere — the court treated this as an apparent AI-generated hallucinated quotation.

Court: D. MinnesotaParty: Pro Se Litigant

Secondary evidenceHarms: Hallucination in legal filingsIssuing institution: D. Minnesota

24 FEB 2025 · Working Paper

Minnesota SF 1857 (Minor Access to Chatbots 2025)

Prohibits entities who own or control a website, application, software, or program from allowing minors to access chatbots for recreational purposes. Requires entities offering chatbot services to verify an individual's age before granting access. Allows individuals injured by violations to file a civil action for damages, statutory damages up to $1,000, injunctive relief, and legal costs. Permits the attorney general to enforce the section with civil penalties for violations not exceeding...

Official materialNational StrategyOfficial source · revisor.mn.gov ↗

17 MAY 2024 · Law / Act

Minnesota House Bill 4772

Criminalizes disseminating deep fakes to influence elections within specified periods. Imposes penalties, including imprisonment and fines, based on offender history and intent. Disqualifies convicted candidates from holding office. Effective July 1, 2024, for crimes thereafter.

Primary legal sourceFinancial Services ·Education ·Health & Life Sciences ·+2Official source · revisor.mn.gov ↗

26 MAY 2023 · Other

Minnesota HF 1370 (Deepfake Accountability and Public Safety)

Establishes legal actions for nonconsensual dissemination of deep fake sexual images, including damages and penalties. Criminalizes using deep fake technology to influence elections. Specifies exceptions and venue rules. Grants immunity to certain service providers. Effective August 1, 2023.

Official materialFinancial Services ·Education ·Health & Life Sciences ·+2Official source · revisor.mn.gov ↗

16 MAY 2023 · Law / Act

Minnesota Senate Bill 2909

Require the Minnesota Fusion Center (MNFC) to annually report on the use of surveillance technologies, including artificial intelligence, types of activities monitored, and inter-agency data sharing. Involves AI governance and data practices oversight.

Primary legal sourceFinancial Services ·Education ·Health & Life Sciences ·+2Official source · revisor.mn.gov ↗