31 MAR 2026 · Court Case

Staley v. City of Elba, et al.

Fabricated: Case Law | Plaintiff's response (doc. 43 at 23) purports to quote and cite 'Kidd v. Mando Am. Corp., 731 F.3d 1196, 1200 (11th Cir. 2013)', which Defendants and the court identify as a non-existent citation. || Fabricated: Case Law | Plaintiff cites 'Est. of Osorio v. Miami-Dade Cnty., 2023 WL 4003457 (S.D. Fla. June 15, 2023)' (doc. 43 at 24), which Defendants assert and the court notes does not exist. || Fabricated: Case Law | Plaintiff's objection (doc. 49 at 28) cites 'Greer v. DeKalb County, 2009 WL 10101675, at *4 (N.D. Ga. July 13, 2009)', which Defendants identify and the court records as a citation that does not exist or is falsely stated.

Court: M.D. AlabamaParty: Pro Se Litigant

Secondary evidenceHarms: Hallucination in legal filingsIssuing institution: M.D. Alabama

31 MAR 2026 · Court Case

Heimkes v. Fairhope Motorcoach Resort Condominium Owners Association, Inc.

Outdated Advice: Overturned Case Law | Relied on Chevron deference as authoritative despite Loper Bright having overruled its application; Court found Eaton misrepresented the status of the law. || Fabricated: Case Law | Multiple citations in Eaton's filings were fabricated or did not exist; Court and Defendant found citations that either do not exist or do not match the referenced names. || Misrepresented: Case Law | Cited existing cases but attributed propositions or quotes those cases did not contain; Court's independent review found misrepresentations/false quotations of authorities.

Court: S.D. AlabamaParty: LawyerTool: CoCounsel

⚠ Professional sanction imposedFine: 55597

Secondary evidenceHarms: Hallucination in legal filingsIssuing institution: S.D. Alabama

26 MAR 2026 · Court Case

State National Insurance Company, Inc. v. Damon Treadwell, et al.

Fabricated: Case Law | Filing attributed a quoted passage to Nishimatsu Construction Co. v. Houston National Bank; the court searched the opinion and other sources and found the quotation does not exist; attorney admitted AI use and lack of diligence. || Fabricated: Case Law | Filing attributed a quoted sentence to Whelan v. Abell; the court found no such quotation in that opinion or elsewhere and concluded the sentence was fabricated by AI.

Court: N.D. AlabamaParty: LawyerTool: ChatGPT; OpenCase

⚠ Professional sanction imposed

Secondary evidenceHarms: Hallucination in legal filingsIssuing institution: N.D. Alabama

25 MAR 2026 · Court Case

Michael A. DeVita v. Midtown Motors, et al.

Fabricated: Case Law | Plaintiff cited this authority in his Amended Complaint; the court found it does not appear to exist and treated it as a hallucinated citation. || Fabricated: Case Law | Plaintiff cited this authority in his Amended Complaint; the court found it does not appear to exist and treated it as a hallucinated citation. || Fabricated: Case Law | Plaintiff cited this authority in his Amended Complaint; the court found it does not appear to exist and treated it as a hallucinated citation.

Court: M.D. AlabamaParty: Pro Se Litigant

Secondary evidenceHarms: Hallucination in legal filingsIssuing institution: M.D. Alabama

27 FEB 2026 · Court Case

Horton v. Colvin

Fabricated: Doctrinal Work

Court: CA AlabamaParty: Pro Se Litigant

Secondary evidenceHarms: Hallucination in legal filingsIssuing institution: CA Alabama

01 JAN 2026 · Law / Act

Alabama SB 129

Alabama legislation addressing AI systems with obligations for deployers, developers, and distributors. This legislation has been signed into law.

Secondary evidenceGenerative AI ·Data Privacy & ProtectionIssuing institution: Issuing authority not identified

29 OCT 2025 · Court Case

Ronald H. Foster v. Author Success Publishing, et al.

False Quotes: Case Law | Plaintiff attributed a quotation to S.E.C. v. Smyth that does not appear in Smyth and could not be located in any case; court concluded the quote was an outright fabrication. || Fabricated: Case Law | Plaintiff cited a Farley opinion as if from the Eleventh Circuit, but the court could not locate the cited Eleventh Circuit opinion and found only a different Sixth Circuit Farley decision which was unrelated.

Court: M.D. AlabamaParty: Pro Se Litigant

Secondary evidenceHarms: Hallucination in legal filingsIssuing institution: M.D. Alabama

10 OCT 2025 · Court Case

United States v. Glennie Antonio McGee

False Quotes: Case Law | The filing attributed quotations to cases that, upon review, were false or misquoted from the cited authorities. || Outdated Advice: Overturned Case Law | The motion directed the Court to precedent that had been reversed by the Supreme Court more than 40 years earlier. || Misrepresented: Case Law | Several citations did not correspond to the referenced names or did not relate to the issues for which they were cited (misrepresented authorities). || Fabricated: Case Law | Motion contained multiple non-existent case citations generated by Ghostwriter Legal; the United States and the Court could not locate the cited opinions.

Court: S.D. AlabamaParty: LawyerTool: Ghostwriter Legal

⚠ Professional sanction imposedFine: 5000

Secondary evidenceHarms: Hallucination in legal filingsIssuing institution: S.D. Alabama

23 JUL 2025 · Court Case

Johnson v. Dunn

Fabricated: Case Law | Citation to United States v. Baker, 539 F. App’x 937, 943 (11th Cir. 2013) as confirming broad discovery rights; court found the citation as styled does not exist and the volume/page cited corresponds to Williams v. Morahan, not Baker, and does not discuss discovery. || Fabricated: Case Law | Citation to Kelley v. City of Birmingham, 2021 WL 1118031, at *2 (N.D. Ala. Mar. 24, 2021) to avoid delaying a deposition; court and opposing party could find no such federal case—only a 1939 Alabama Court of Appeals traffic case with that style. || Fabricated: Case Law | Citation to Greer v. Warden, FCC Coleman I, 2020 WL 3060362, at *2 (M.D. Fla. June 9, 2020) as rejecting an inmate’s request to delay a deposition; court found no such case exists nor a similar case supporting that proposition. || Fabricated: Case Law | Citation to Wilson v. Jackson, 2006 WL 8438651, at *2 (N.D. Ala. Feb. 27, 2006) for granting a Rule 30(a)(2)(B) motion; court found no such case and that the Westlaw number points to an unrelated maritime case in S.D.W. Va. (Douglas v. Ingram Barge Co.). || Misrepresented: Case Law | Citation to Williams v. Asplundh Tree Expert Co., No. 3:05-cv-479, 2006 WL 3343787, at *4 (M.D. Fla. Nov. 17, 2006) for the rule that general objections are useless; court noted a case with that style exists but not with that citation/proposition combination.

Court: N.D. AlabamaParty: LawyerTool: ChatGPT

⚠ Professional sanction imposed

Secondary evidenceHarms: Hallucination in legal filingsIssuing institution: N.D. Alabama

02 AUG 2024 · Executive Order

Alabama Executive Order No. 738

Establishes a Task Force on Generative AI to encourage responsible use in state agencies. Requires reports on GenAI use by May 2024 and policy recommendations by November 2024. Directs the Office of Information Technology to facilitate GenAI pilot projects and development.

Primary legal sourceFinancial Services ·Education ·Health & Life Sciences ·+2Official source · governor.alabama.gov ↗

10 JAN 2024 · Law / Act

Alabama House Bill 172

Criminalizes distributing AI-generated materially deceptive media to influence elections. Exempts media with clear disclaimers. Permits injunctive relief by affected parties. Provides exceptions for certain media outlets and satire. Effective October 1, 2024, with penalties for second offenses.

Secondary evidenceFinancial Services ·Education ·Health & Life Sciences ·+2Issuing institution: Issuing authority not identified

29 APR 2021 · Other

Alabama SB 78

Establishes the Alabama Council on Advanced Technology and Artificial Intelligence to review and advise on AI use and development. Requires annual reports with recommendations. Comprises appointed experts and legislative members. Emphasizes diversity in appointments. Effective one year after approval.

Secondary evidenceFinancial Services ·Education ·Health & Life Sciences ·+5Issuing institution: Issuing authority not identified

06 OCT 2019 · Other

Alabama (2019) SB 47

Authorizes autonomous commercial vehicles and teleoperation systems to operate without a conventional driver present. Mandates compliance with federal and state laws, registration, certification, and liability coverage. Assigns jurisdiction to Alabama's Department of Transportation. Specifies operator responsibilities and emergency protocols.

Secondary evidenceFinancial Services ·Education ·Health & Life Sciences ·+2Issuing institution: Issuing authority not identified

28 MAY 2019 · Law / Act

An Act Establishing the Alabama Commission on Artificial Intelligence and Associated Technologies.

Establishes the Alabama Commission on AI to review and advise on AI in various sectors. Requires qualified membership including expertise in Artificial Intelligence and mandates the disclosure of a report of the findings available to the public.

Secondary evidenceFinancial Services ·Education ·Health & Life Sciences ·+13Issuing institution: Issuing authority not identified