13 FEB 2026 · Court Case

AC739-2026

Lawyer used Unidentified in proceedings before the CSJ. Fabricated: Case Law | Inserted in the subsanation; Relatoría found no record; court treated as fabricated (subsequent addition to initial set). Outcome: Temeridad declaration; monetary fine; bar referral.

Court: CSJParty: Lawyer

⚠ Professional sanction imposedFine: 1

Secondary evidenceJudicial & Law Enforcement ·Generative AI ·Liability & AccountabilityIssuing institution: CSJ

02 DEC 2025 · Court Case

Luis Alberto Contreras Fandinoe

Misrepresented: Case Law | First-instance judgment attributed a passage to 'SP414-2023, rad. 61005' about congruence; the appellate court found the cited content does not correspond to that decision. || Fabricated: Case Law | Decision cited multiple non-existent Corte Suprema decisions (said to support exclusion of CD loss); those citations do not exist in the repository. || Misrepresented: Case Law | The judgment quoted and paraphrased Constitutional Court decision C-591 de 2005 in a way the appellate court held was not supported by the original text. || Fabricated: Doctrinal Work | First-instance opinion referenced doctrinal work 'Derecho Procesal Penal Colombiano' by Fernando Velásquez Velásquez, which the appellate court found to be nonexistent.

Court: Tribunal Superior de BogotáParty: Judge

⚠ Professional sanction imposed

Secondary evidenceHarms: Hallucination in legal filingsIssuing institution: Tribunal Superior de Bogotá

05 NOV 2025 · Court Case

STC17832-2025

False Quotes: Case Law | Tribunal attributed a literal excerpt to CSJ STC13560-2023 that does not appear in that decision; Supreme Court reviewed the full text and concluded the quoted paragraph is nonexistent. || False Quotes: Case Law | Tribunal attributed a literal excerpt to CSJ STC4734-2025 asserting that acts outside the term cannot interrupt it; Supreme Court found that exact formulation is not in STC4734-2025.

Court: Corte Suprema de JusticiaParty: Judge

Secondary evidenceHarms: Hallucination in legal filingsIssuing institution: Corte Suprema de Justicia

28 JUL 2025 · Law / Act

Prohibition of goods and services in Artificial Intelligence Bill

On 28 July 2025, the Ministry of Science, Technology, and Innovation resubmitted the Artificial Intelligence Bill including prohibitions on certain artificial intelligence systems to Congress. The Artificial Intelligence Bill establishes four categories into which artificial intelligence systems may fall, namely low-risk, limited-risk, high-risk, and prohibited artificial intelligence systems. The Artificial Intelligence Bill prohibits the general use of Critical Risk Artificial Intelligence ...

Secondary evidenceNational StrategyIssuing institution: Issuing authority not identified

28 JUL 2025 · Law / Act

Design requirements in Artificial Intelligence Bill

On 28 July 2025, the Ministry of Science, Technology, and Innovation resubmitted the Artificial Intelligence Bill including mandatory design requirements for artificial intelligence systems to Congress. The Artificial Intelligence Bill requires artificial intelligence systems to be designed to allow human intervention and oversight, control, auditing and traceability, and to ensure transparency, comprehensibility and user information when interacting with artificial intelligence. It mandates ...

Secondary evidenceNational StrategyIssuing institution: Issuing authority not identified

28 JUL 2025 · Law / Act

Worker protection regulation in Artificial Intelligence Bill

On 28 July 2025, the Ministry of Science, Technology, and Innovation resubmitted the Artificial Intelligence Bill including worker protection regulation to Congress. The Artificial Intelligence Bill requires employers implementing artificial intelligence systems that may cause job displacement or substantial transformation of job functions to adopt preventive retraining, relocation or training plans for affected workers, aligned with just transition guidelines and respecting human dignity. Co...

Secondary evidenceNational StrategyIssuing institution: Issuing authority not identified

28 JUL 2025 · Law / Act

Tax benefits in Artificial Intelligence Bill

On 28 July 2025, the Ministry of Science, Technology, and Innovation resubmitted the Artificial Intelligence Bill including tax benefits for artificial intelligence to Congress. The Artificial Intelligence Bill provides tax benefits for science, technology and innovation projects that develop artificial intelligence-based solutions or adopt artificial intelligence to enhance production processes. It requires the Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation, in coordination with the National...

Secondary evidenceNational StrategyIssuing institution: Issuing authority not identified

01 JAN 2024 · Law / Act

Colombia tax reform proposal including taxation of digital services

On 1 January 2024, the Colombian tax reform introducing the application of a Digital Services Tax came into effect. In particular, new Article 20.3 provides that foreign digital services without establishment in the Colombian territory but with a significant economic presence, are subject to either a 5% corporate income tax rate or a 10% withholding tax rate. The following digital services are explicitly covered by the law: online advertising services, digital content services, streaming serv...

Secondary evidenceNational StrategyIssuing institution: Issuing authority not identified

14 NOV 2023 · Standard / Framework

Data Protection Regulation in Colombia's Law (059/23) on Public Policy Guidelines for AI

On 14 November 2023, the Colombian Senate passed a law establishing public policy guidelines for the development, use, and implementation of Artificial Intelligence (AI) (059/23). The law includes provisions for data protection, requiring those responsible for the use, implementation, and development of AI to inform data subjects about the handling of their data and the results obtained. It also mandates that cybersecurity issues involving AI should be endorsed by the Commission on Data Proce...

Secondary evidenceNational StrategyIssuing institution: Issuing authority not identified

14 NOV 2023 · Standard / Framework

Establishment of AI Authority in Colombia's Law (059/23) on Public Policy Guidelines for AI

On 14 November 2023, the Colombian Senate passed a law establishing public policy guidelines for the development, use, and implementation of Artificial Intelligence (AI) (059/23). The law sets out principles for AI, including human authority, common good, cooperation, safe design, prevalence of human intelligence, and preventive research. It also establishes the Data Processing and Artificial Intelligence Developments Commission, which is tasked with endorsing institutional requests on AI dev...

Secondary evidenceNational StrategyIssuing institution: Issuing authority not identified

25 JAN 2022 · Other

Economic Collaboration between Singapore and the Republic of Colombia

On 25 January 2022, Singapore and the Republic of Colombia signed a Memorandum (005/22)) aiming to deepen their economic ties and foster investments across their markets, especially in the sectors of technology and online markets, including artificial intelligence, internet of things, blockchain and digital industries, trade, infrastructure, and energy. The collaboration is handled by the respective government agencies responsible for foreign direct investment and goods and services.

Official materialNational StrategyOfficial source · sgpc.gov.sg ↗

21 JUL 2021 · Policy / Guidance

How the OECD AI Policy Observatory has shaped Colombia and Latin America’s approach to AI policy

The AI Observatory has been crucial for Colombia, a leader in the development of trustworthy AI.

Official materialNational StrategyOfficial source · oecd.ai ↗

National Strategy

Bogotá avanza en un sistema innovador que usa inteligencia artificial

La iniciativa hace parte de la estrategia Bogotá Capital Digital y fortalece la capacidad de la Administración distrital para tomar decisiones basadas en evidencia, priorizar recursos y coordinar respuestas intersectoriales en tiempo real.

Secondary evidenceNational StrategyIssuing institution: Issuing authority not identified

Policy / Guidance

Colombia AI Regulation Overview

Colombia is actively advancing toward more robust, legally binding AI frameworks. CMS expert guide covers Colombia's AI regulatory landscape including sector-specific applications and alignment with international standards.

Secondary evidenceNational Strategy ·Binding FrameworksIssuing institution: Issuing authority not identified

National Strategy

Estrategia Nacional Digital 2023-2026 (National Digital Strategy 2023-2026)

AI law in Colombia: The Estrategia Nacional Digital (END) 2023–2026 is Colombia's national roadmap to accelerate digital transformation across government, industry and society. Published jointly by the Presidency, the Ministry of Information and Communications Technologies (MinTIC) and the National Planning Department (DNP) on February 7, 2024, it sets eight strategic axes, 95–100 actions and 13 performance indicators addressing connectivity, data governance, cybersecurity, talent, AI adoption and digital inclusion....

Secondary evidenceNational StrategyIssuing institution: Issuing authority not identified

National Strategy

By which the use of Artificial Intelligence in the management of Petitions, Complaints, Claims, Suggestions and Reports (PQRSD) in public entities of the Colombian State is regulated and implemented, and other provisions are issued (Proyecto de Ley No. 417 de 2025)

AI law in Colombia: Proyecto 417/25 proposes a regulatory framework for the deployment and governance of artificial intelligence (AI) systems used to process public petitions, complaints, claims, suggestions and denunciations (PQRSD) in Colombian public entities. The bill mandates human supervision, algorithmic traceability, data protection safeguards, transparency, progressive implementation timelines and sanctions for non-compliance....

Secondary evidenceNational StrategyIssuing institution: Issuing authority not identified

Law / Act

Proyecto 05/24: Ley de inteligencia artificial ética y sostenible para el bienestar social (Ethical and sustainable AI law proposal)

AI law in Colombia: Proyecto 05/24 (PL 005/2024C) proposed a comprehensive, principle-based regulatory framework for the development, deployment and use of artificial intelligence in Colombia, prioritizing ethics, sustainability and social welfare. The bill (radicated 2024-07-20) introduced requirements for privacy protection, human oversight, transparency, risk-based conformity and measures to protect children and vulnerable groups; the legislative process was archived in mid-2025....

Secondary evidenceNational StrategyIssuing institution: Issuing authority not identified

National Strategy

Proyecto 255/24: Lineamientos de uso de IA para la disminución de siniestros viales (AI for road-accident reduction)

AI law in Colombia: Proyecto de Ley 255 de 2024 (Senado) proposes guidelines for the use of artificial intelligence to reduce road accidents and associated costs by enabling real-time data collection, predictive risk analysis, and alerting systems. It sets governance roles for national and territorial authorities, data and cybersecurity safeguards, and obligations for registration, human oversight and impact assessment prior to deployment....

Secondary evidenceNational StrategyIssuing institution: Issuing authority not identified

National Strategy

Bogotá TransMilenio AI Facial Recognition Pilot

AI law in Colombia: The Bogotá TransMilenio AI Facial Recognition Pilot, launched in October 2023, used 786 cameras to match faces against a database of 5,000+ arrest warrants to improve public safety....

Secondary evidenceNational StrategyIssuing institution: Issuing authority not identified

National Strategy

Proyecto 130/23: Armonización de la inteligencia artificial con el derecho al trabajo (AI and labor-rights harmonization)

AI law in Colombia: Proyecto 130/23 (Senate) sought to harmonize the deployment and use of artificial intelligence systems with labor rights in Colombia by imposing transparency, human‑oversight, risk‑classification, data‑protection and employment‑stability obligations on public and private employers that use AI in hiring, evaluation, surveillance or termination. The initiative advanced in committee and passed first debate but was ultimately archived without becoming law....

Secondary evidenceNational StrategyIssuing institution: Issuing authority not identified

National Strategy

Hoja de Ruta para la adopción ética y sostenible de la Inteligencia Artificial (MinCiencias) (Roadmap for Ethical and Sustainable AI Adoption)

AI law in Colombia: The MinCiencias Hoja de Ruta (AI Roadmap) is a strategic, non‑binding framework published in February 2024 that sets national priorities and lineaments for the ethical and sustainable adoption of artificial intelligence in Colombia. It defines five strategic workstreams (ethics & governance; education, research & innovation; industry & future of work; data & organizations; privacy, cybersecurity & defense) and establishes processes for consultation, expert advising, and development of a CONPES policy proposal....

Secondary evidenceNational StrategyIssuing institution: Issuing authority not identified

National Strategy

Proyecto 91/23: Mediante la cual se establece el deber de información para el uso responsable de la Inteligencia Artificial (Duty of information for responsible AI)

AI law in Colombia: Proyecto 091/23 (Senate) is a 2023 Colombian bill that establishes a duty of information for the responsible use of generative Artificial Intelligence. It requires natural and legal persons using generative AI in economic or academic activities to disclose the use, identify the system and state its purpose, and tasks national ministries with designing an ethical framework and cooperation measures....

Secondary evidenceNational StrategyIssuing institution: Issuing authority not identified

Law / Act

Proyecto de Ley Estatutaria No.154 de 2024: Por la cual se define y regula la Inteligencia Artificial (Statutory bill to define and regulate AI)

AI law in Colombia: This statutory bill (Cámara No. 154 de 2024) proposes a comprehensive legal framework to define, develop and regulate artificial intelligence (AI) in Colombia by aligning AI with human rights standards, amending parts of Law 1581 of 2012 (data protection), establishing risk‑based limits, transparency and accountability obligations for public and private actors, and creating institutional oversight mechanisms. Key measures include classification of high‑risk AI systems, impact assessments, registration/conformity requirements and sanctions for noncompliance. See primary sources: Cámara de Representantes – Audiencia Pública PLE 154/24C and Congreso Visible – Project summary....

Secondary evidenceNational StrategyIssuing institution: Issuing authority not identified

Law / Act

Por medio de la cual se define y regula la inteligencia artificial (Proyecto 200/23) (Bill to define and regulate AI)

AI law in Colombia: A 2023 statutory bill (Proyecto 200/23) presented in the Colombian Chamber of Representatives to define and regulate artificial intelligence with an explicit human-rights focus. The project proposed risk-based governance, restrictions on certain uses, obligations for transparency, documentation, security and data protection, and institutional oversight; it was archived (ended) in mid-2024 without becoming law....

Secondary evidenceNational StrategyIssuing institution: Issuing authority not identified

National Strategy

Política Nacional de Inteligencia Artificial (CONPES 4144 - National Policy for Artificial Intelligence)

AI law in Colombia: CONPES 4144 (approved 14 February 2025) establishes Colombia's National Policy for Artificial Intelligence, defining a whole-of-government strategic roadmap to 2030. The policy sets governance arrangements, ethical and rights-respecting principles, a risk-based approach to AI deployment, capacity-building programs, investment priorities and monitoring indicators while relying on sectoral regulators for enforcement and future regulatory instruments....

Secondary evidenceNational StrategyIssuing institution: Issuing authority not identified

National Strategy

Por medio de la cual se regula la inteligencia artificial en Colombia para garantizar su desarrollo ético y responsable (Government bill, Senate 442/25)

AI law in Colombia: This government bill (Senate 442/25), radicated on 7 May 2025, proposed a comprehensive, risk‑based regulatory framework for artificial intelligence in Colombia led by the Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation (MinCiencias) and the Ministry of Information and Communications Technologies (MinTIC). The draft set out risk classifications (unacceptable, high, limited, low), mandatory impact assessments and registries for high‑risk systems, transparency and human oversight rules, data‑protection alignment, sectoral safeguards for health and finance, and administrative sanctions; the bill was archived in the Senate and did not become law....

Secondary evidenceNational StrategyIssuing institution: Issuing authority not identified