CA — Country Profile

Canada

430TOTAL
230OFFICIAL SOURCES
69TOPIC AREAS
Law / Act52
Executive Order15
Policy / Guidance27
National Strategy35
Standard / Framework16
International Agreement23
Working Paper27
Court Case157
Other78
04 JUL 2026 · Policy / Guidance

Canada - Artificial Intelligence and Data Act (AIDA) Companion Document

Canada's Department of Innovation, Science and Economic Development (ISED) published an updated companion document for the Artificial Intelligence and Data Act (AIDA) as part of the Digital Charter Implementation Act, 2022, explaining planned implementation and compliance pathways.

Official materialAIDA ·Data Charter ·Implementation GuidanceOfficial source · ised-isde.canada.ca ↗
03 JUN 2026 · Other

B.C. premier says OpenAI CEO Sam Altman will apologize to Tumbler Ridge, push for stronger regulations

Primary source (cbc.ca) dated 6 March 2026 in CA. See linked source for full text.

Secondary evidenceHuman Rights & Ethics ·Online Safety & Child ProtectionIssuing institution: Issuing authority not identified
03 JUN 2026 · Other

Canadian and Australian music rights organizations release statement on AI and copyright

A joint statement from APRA AMCOS and SOCAN on the occasion of Prime Minister Carney’s visit to Australia. SOCAN CEO Jennifer Brown is in Sydney this week attending the CISAC Board of Directors meeting, hosted by APRA AMCOS as part of its centenary year. Today, as Prime Minister Albanese welcomed Prime Minister Carney to the […]

Secondary evidenceCopyright & Ip ·Media & EntertainmentIssuing institution: Issuing authority not identified
03 JUN 2026 · Other

Canada and Japan sign strategic pact on defence, energy and AI

We, the Prime Ministers of Canada and Japan, meet today to deepen the close and enduring partnership between our two countries. We recognise that bilateral relations between Canada and Japan are underpinned by shared values and principles such as respect for democracy and the rule of law, strong political and economic ties, and rich people-to-people and cultural links. We emphasise the importance of further strengthening these ties, focusing notably on our shared commitment to the fundamental values of multilateralism centred on the United Nations (UN), a free and open Indo-Pacific based on th

Official materialTrade & Investment ·Energy & Environment ·Defense & SecurityOfficial source · pm.gc.ca ↗
01 JUN 2026 · Court Case

Riley Pollard v UNIFOR Local 324

Pro Se Litigant appeared before the Ontario LRB. Fabricated: Legal Norm | Opposing party alleged Mr. Pollard's written submissions included references to Board Rules that did not exist or were mischaracterized; Board noted the allegation, found Rules 2.4 and 5.1 were properly cited, and ignored other inaccurate rule citations.

Court: Ontario LRBParty: Pro Se Litigant
Court recordJudicial & Law Enforcement ·Generative AI ·Liability & AccountabilityOfficial source · canlii.ca ↗
01 JUN 2026 · Other

Riley Pollard v UNIFOR Local 324

Secondary evidenceJudicial & Law Enforcement ·Generative AI ·Liability & AccountabilityIssuing institution: Issuing authority not identified
08 MAY 2026 · Court Case

Samson v. Chartrand

AI hallucination case: Samson v. Chartrand

Court: Conseil de Discipline des Opticiens
Secondary evidenceHarms: Hallucination in legal filingsIssuing institution: Conseil de Discipline des Opticiens
03 MAY 2026 · Policy / Guidance

US, Japan, New Zealand, South Korea, Singapore, UK and Canada join Australia's guidance on supply chain risks and mitigations for AI

The Canadian Centre for Cyber Security (Cyber Centre) has joined the Australian Signals Directorate’s Australian Cyber Security Centre (ASD’s ACSC) and the following international partners in releasing cyber security guidance on supply chain risks and mitigations for artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML):

Official materialCybersecurityOfficial source · cyber.gc.ca ↗
03 MAY 2026 · Other

Australia and Canada elevate partnership in critical minerals, defence, and AI

Meetings of the Australian Treasurer and Canadian Minister for Finance and National Revenue, supported by senior officials, will seek to strengthen collaboration in tax and two-way investment, discuss economic security and key macroeconomic developments and work together on economic reforms to strengthen internal resilience

Official materialTrade & Investment ·Energy & EnvironmentOfficial source · pm.gc.ca ↗
02 APR 2026 · Court Case

RSR Road Surface Recycling v Bonnechere Excavating et al.

Lawyer used Unidentified in proceedings before the Ontario SCJ. False Quotes: Case Law | Factum contained a quotation attributed to a Court of Appeal decision that could not be located in the cited decision; counsel could not produce the quoted passage when asked. Outcome: Misuse of AI potentially factored into costs.

Court: Ontario SCJParty: Lawyer
Court recordJudicial & Law Enforcement ·Generative AI ·Liability & AccountabilityOfficial source · canlii.ca ↗
02 APR 2026 · Other

RSR Road Surface Recycling v Bonnechere Excavating et al.

Secondary evidenceJudicial & Law Enforcement ·Generative AI ·Liability & AccountabilityIssuing institution: Issuing authority not identified
31 MAR 2026 · Court Case

Galang v. Canada (Attorney General)

Pro Se Litigant appeared before the B.C. Supreme Court. Fabricated: Case Law | Original Notice of Civil Claim contained references to non-existent court decisions appearing to be AI-generated; AGC raised the issue and Justice Dion ordered Part 3 struck and that any AI-assisted citations be verified prior to filing; plaintiff removed those references i... Outcome: Brief part struck.

Court: B.C. Supreme CourtParty: Pro Se Litigant
Secondary evidenceJudicial & Law Enforcement ·Generative AI ·Liability & AccountabilityIssuing institution: B.C. Supreme Court
25 MAR 2026 · Working Paper

Canada - A Turning Point for AI in 2026?

Canada faces a potential turning point for AI governance in 2026 amid increased regulatory scrutiny and calls for strong AI governance. Michael Geist testified before the Standing Committee on Industry, Science and Technology on March 23, 2026, urging balanced regulation.

Secondary evidenceRegulatory Scrutiny ·GovernanceIssuing institution: Issuing authority not identified
23 MAR 2026 · Court Case

Iyer v Nazir

Pro Se Litigant appeared before the CA Alberta. Fabricated: Case Law | Applicants' reply memorandum relied on several non-existent case authorities; citations tied to real cases but the cited authorities as presented did not exist or were otherwise incorrect; court cautioned such errors can arise from AI assistance. Outcome: Warning.

Court: CA AlbertaParty: Pro Se Litigant
Secondary evidenceJudicial & Law Enforcement ·Generative AI ·Liability & AccountabilityIssuing institution: CA Alberta
20 MAR 2026 · National Strategy

Research summary: Internet Use and Online Government Services in Canada - Canada.ca

This document explains how Canadians use online government services and the problems they face . It also looks at differences between groups of people and points out common barriers in using online government services.

Official materialNational StrategyOfficial source · canada.ca ↗
20 MAR 2026 · Court Case

National Indigenous Fisheries Institute v. Canada AG

Lawyer appeared before the Federal Court. Fabricated: Case Law | Affidavit of in-house counsel cited this purported FCA decision to support extension of time; Court found the decision does not exist and treated it as AI-generated. Outcome: Adverse Costs Order.

Court: Federal CourtParty: Lawyer
Fine: 1 CAD
Secondary evidenceJudicial & Law Enforcement ·Generative AI ·Liability & AccountabilityIssuing institution: Federal Court
17 MAR 2026 · Policy / Guidance

Canada hosts first-ever national summit on AI and culture, announces advisory council

The National Summit on Artificial Intelligence and Culture, presented by the Department of Canadian Heritage in partnership with the Banff Centre for Arts and Creativity, will convene leaders from the cultural sector, government, the technology sector, academia, and civil society to:

Secondary evidenceCultureIssuing institution: Issuing authority not identified
16 MAR 2026 · Court Case

Re Reza Khoshnik

Pro Se Litigant used Unidentified in proceedings before the Ontario SCJ (Bankruptcy). Misrepresented: Case Law | Bankrupt quoted and attributed a proposition to Re Fakoori that he later admitted was manufactured by his materials. Outcome: Adverse Costs Order.

Court: Ontario SCJ (Bankruptcy)Party: Pro Se Litigant
Fine: 1 CAD
Court recordJudicial & Law Enforcement ·Generative AI ·Liability & AccountabilityOfficial source · canlii.ca ↗
16 MAR 2026 · Court Case

Re Reza Khoshnik

Misrepresented: Case Law | Bankrupt quoted and attributed a proposition to Re Fakoori that he later admitted was manufactured by his materials. || Misrepresented: Case Law | Bankrupt cited Wang v. Wang as if it supported the proposition that bankruptcy courts can routinely decide complex fraud claims during bankruptcy proceedings; court found the cited case unrelated to that proposition. || Misrepresented: Case Law | Bankrupt relied on Simone v. Daley to support that certain breach-of-trust determinations belong within bankruptcy proceedings; the court found the Bankrupt mischaracterized the authority (appeal reversed the relevant finding).

Court: Ontario SCJ (Bankruptcy)Party: Pro Se Litigant
Fine: 1 CAD
Secondary evidenceHarms: Hallucination in legal filingsIssuing institution: Ontario SCJ (Bankruptcy)
14 MAR 2026 · International Agreement

Canada and Norway issue joint statement on sovereign technology and AI

The Honourable Evan Solomon, Minister of Artificial Intelligence and Digital Innovation and Minister responsible for the Federal Economic Development Agency for Southern Ontario and Karianne Tung, Norwegian Minister for Digitalisation and Public Governance, met on the margins of India AI Action Summit on 19th of February.

Primary legal sourceTrade & Investment ·Infrastructure & HardwareOfficial source · canada.ca ↗
12 MAR 2026 · Court Case

Law Society of Alberta v. Tiwana

Pro Se Litigant used Unidentified in proceedings before the Law Society of Alberta Appeal Panel. Fabricated: Case Law | AI-generated hallucinated case cited in appellant's brief; LSA counsel could not locate it and appellant admitted it was a 'placeholder'. Outcome: AI misuse as aggravating factor for awarding costs.

Court: Law Society of Alberta Appeal PanelParty: Pro Se Litigant
Fine: 1 CAD
Secondary evidenceJudicial & Law Enforcement ·Generative AI ·Liability & AccountabilityIssuing institution: Law Society of Alberta Appeal Panel
11 MAR 2026 · Court Case

Krivaia v. Hungerford

Pro Se Litigant appeared before the SC British Columbia. Fabricated: Case Law | Earlier iterations of the Plaintiffs' pleadings (NOCC, ANOCC, FANOCC) cited case authorities that did not exist and were characterized as AI‑hallucinated; the fictitious references were removed in the Proposed 2FANOCC. Outcome: No strike for abuse of process.

Court: SC British ColumbiaParty: Pro Se Litigant
Secondary evidenceJudicial & Law Enforcement ·Generative AI ·Liability & AccountabilityIssuing institution: SC British Columbia
10 MAR 2026 · Court Case

Kapahi Real Estate Inc. v. Elite Real Estate Club of Toronto Inc.

Lawyer appeared before the Ontario SCJ. False Quotes: Case Law | Paragraph 44 of the Reply Factum purports to quote BH Frontier Solutions Inc. v. 11054660 Canada Inc.; the court found the quoted passage does not appear in the decision and is wholly made up. Outcome: Bar Referral.

Court: Ontario SCJParty: Lawyer
Court recordJudicial & Law Enforcement ·Generative AI ·Liability & AccountabilityOfficial source · canlii.ca ↗
10 MAR 2026 · Court Case

Siemens v. The Owners, Strata Plan EPS3699

Pro Se Litigant appeared before the CRT. Fabricated: Case Law | Applicant cited a case in support of remedies that the tribunal found did not exist or did not apply; tribunal concluded it was likely AI-generated and rejected reliance on it.

Court: CRTParty: Pro Se Litigant
Secondary evidenceJudicial & Law Enforcement ·Generative AI ·Liability & AccountabilityIssuing institution: CRT
10 MAR 2026 · Court Case

Kapahi Real Estate Inc. v. Elite Real Estate Club of Toronto Inc.

False Quotes: Case Law | Paragraph 44 of the Reply Factum purports to quote BH Frontier Solutions Inc. v. 11054660 Canada Inc.; the court found the quoted passage does not appear in the decision and is wholly made up. || False Quotes: Case Law | Paragraph 52 of the Reply Factum purports to quote Trustees of the Millwright Regional Council of Ontario Pension Trust Fund v. Celestica Inc.; the court found the quoted passage does not appear in the decision and is wholly made up (and misattributes authorship). || False Quotes: Case Law | Paragraph 58 of the Reply Factum purports to quote Pita Royale Inc.; the court found the quoted passage does not appear in the decision and is wholly made up. || False Quotes: Case Law | Paragraph 79 of the Reply Factum again purports to quote Trustees of the Millwright Regional Council of Ontario Pension Trust Fund v. Celestica Inc.; the court found the quoted passage does not appear in the decision and is wholly made up (and misattributes the author). || False Quotes: Case Law | Paragraph 36 of the Reply Factum purports to quote Sattva Capital Corp. v. Creston Moly Corp.; the court found the quoted passage does not appear in the decision and is wholly made up. || False Quotes: Case Law | Paragraph 41 of the Reply Factum purports to quote FNF Enterprises Inc. v. Wag and Train Inc.; the court found the quoted passage does not appear in the decision and is wholly made up. || False Quotes: Case Law | Paragraph 43 of the Reply Factum purports to quote Pita Royale Inc. v. Buckingham Properties Inc.; the court found the quoted passage does not appear in the decision and is wholly made up.

Court: Ontario SCJParty: Lawyer
Secondary evidenceHarms: Hallucination in legal filingsIssuing institution: Ontario SCJ
06 MAR 2026 · Court Case

Thabize c. Immobilière montérégienne IMR inc.

Fabricated: Case Law | Tenant cited a purported decision 'Événtail Habitation inc. c. X, 2023 QCTAL 150'; tribunal (citing opposing party's point) found the jurisprudence unlocatable and likely produced by artificial intelligence.

Court: TALParty: Pro Se Litigant
Secondary evidenceHarms: Hallucination in legal filingsIssuing institution: TAL
05 MAR 2026 · Court Case

Erin Gray v Attorney General of Canada

Fabricated: Case Law | One of the Applicant's memorandum citations did not exist; the Court found it to be a fabricated case citation produced by AI and described the jurisprudence as hallucinated. || Fabricated: Case Law | A second memorandum citation was likewise non-existent; the Court identified it as another fabricated case citation resulting from the Applicant's use of AI.

Court: Federal CourtParty: Pro Se Litigant
Secondary evidenceHarms: Hallucination in legal filingsIssuing institution: Federal Court
03 MAR 2026 · Court Case

Makongo c. Montpetit

Pro Se Litigant used Unidentified in proceedings before the Québec. Fabricated: Case Law | Citation could not be located in legal databases; tribunal treated the reference as fictitious. Outcome: Monetary Sanction.

Court: QuébecParty: Pro Se Litigant
⚠ Professional sanction imposedFine: 800 CAD
Secondary evidenceJudicial & Law Enforcement ·Generative AI ·Liability & AccountabilityIssuing institution: Québec
03 MAR 2026 · Court Case

Asey v. The Association of Justice Counsel

Pro Se Litigant appeared before the HRT Ontario. Fabricated: Case Law | Tribunal observed that many cases cited by the applicant appear to be non-existent or 'manufactured' and do not stand for the principles asserted.

Court: HRT OntarioParty: Pro Se Litigant
Secondary evidenceJudicial & Law Enforcement ·Generative AI ·Liability & AccountabilityIssuing institution: HRT Ontario
02 MAR 2026 · Court Case

Re Gary Man Kin Ng

Fabricated: Case Law | Bankrupt cited 'Galty B.V. (Re), 2021 ONSC 7250'; court found no such decision at that citation in CanLII or Westlaw and paragraph references did not match existing Galty decisions; Bankrupt admitted reliance on AI. || Fabricated: Case Law | Multiple other unspecified authorities in the Bankrupt's materials appeared to be AI-generated/hallucinatory; opposing counsel alerted the court and the court ordered the Bankrupt to produce every cited case or admit non-existence.

Court: Ontario SCJ (Bankruptcy)Party: Pro Se Litigant
Secondary evidenceHarms: Hallucination in legal filingsIssuing institution: Ontario SCJ (Bankruptcy)
02 MAR 2026 · Court Case

Maruta v. Mahon

Misrepresented: Case Law | Applicant cited authorities that 'do not stand for the proposition she sought to advance', i.e., mischaracterized existing cases. || Fabricated: Case Law | Applicant cited cases that 'do not appear to exist'; Tribunal characterized them as manufactured and found reliance on them undermined the submissions.

Court: HRT OntarioParty: Pro Se Litigant
Secondary evidenceHarms: Hallucination in legal filingsIssuing institution: HRT Ontario
27 FEB 2026 · Court Case

White v. The Owners, Strata Plan BCS3946

Pro Se Litigant appeared before the BC CRT. Misrepresented: Case Law | Applicants' submissions included multiple incorrect or inapplicable CRT case citations; tribunal found these were likely AI-generated and did not address arguments with no legal basis.

Court: BC CRTParty: Pro Se Litigant
Secondary evidenceJudicial & Law Enforcement ·Generative AI ·Liability & AccountabilityIssuing institution: BC CRT
27 FEB 2026 · Other

Canada AI minister and OpenAI to discuss AI safety in response to school schooting

Primary source (cbc.ca) dated 27 February 2026 in CA. See linked source for full text.

Secondary evidenceOnline Safety & Child Protection ·Generative AIIssuing institution: Issuing authority not identified
26 FEB 2026 · Law / Act

Provisions establishing data mobility framework in Budget Implementation Act (Bill C-15)

On 26 February 2026, the House of Commons passed the Budget Implementation Act (Bill C-15). Division 23 of Part 5 of the Bill would amend the Personal Information Protection and Electronic Documents Act to establish a data mobility framework. The amendments would apply to organisations subject to the Act that participate in a designated data mobility framework. The framework would require, subject to regulations, that an organisation disclose personal information collected from an individual ...

Primary legal sourceNational StrategyOfficial source · parl.ca ↗
26 FEB 2026 · National Strategy

Canada’s Defence Industrial Strategy to strengthen security, create prosperity, and reinforce strategic autonomy

Government of Canada provides nearly $7 million to advance made‑in‑Canada defence technologies

Official materialDefense & SecurityOfficial source · canada.ca ↗
20 FEB 2026 · Other

Canada’s AI minister hails ‘natural alliance’ with India ahead of Prime Minister Carney's visit

Canada’s AI minister Evan Solomon described the countries as natural allies in the AI domain, noting that Canada has been on the frontier of AI and India has been on the frontier, bolstered by cross-border talent flows, including Canadians working for Indian companies.

Secondary evidenceTrade & InvestmentIssuing institution: Issuing authority not identified
20 FEB 2026 · Other

Canada and India strengthen ties to advance new partnerships in AI and digital innovation

Artificial intelligence (AI) continues to evolve at an unprecedented pace. While Canada strengthens its capabilities at home, the government is also deepening partnerships with high-growth economies abroad to drive investment, scale innovation and create jobs.

Official materialTrade & Investment ·ResearchOfficial source · canada.ca ↗
18 FEB 2026 · Court Case

N… R… c. M… S…

Pro Se Litigant used Unidentified in proceedings before the Québec SC. False Quotes: Exhibits & Submissions | Partial fabrication/manipulation of a quotation attributed to the DPJ; the court reviewed the records and could not find the quoted wording as presented. Outcome: Warning.

Court: Québec SCParty: Pro Se Litigant
Secondary evidenceJudicial & Law Enforcement ·Generative AI ·Liability & AccountabilityIssuing institution: Québec SC
17 FEB 2026 · Court Case

14095863 Canada Inc. v Abercrombie & Fitch Trading Co.

Pro Se Litigant appeared before the Canadian IPO. Fabricated: Case Law | Registrar identified multiple cited cases that do not appear to exist in the Requesting Party's written representations and flagged them as fabricated; Registrar noted these appeared across several paragraphs and undermined the submissions.

Court: Canadian IPOParty: Pro Se Litigant
Secondary evidenceJudicial & Law Enforcement ·Generative AI ·Liability & AccountabilityIssuing institution: Canadian IPO
17 FEB 2026 · Court Case

HDO v MDF

Pro Se Litigant appeared before the CA Alberta. Fabricated: Case Law | Several cited cases did not exist; provided links directed the court to a large language model platform webpage indicating the citations were fabricated by AI. Outcome: Warning.

Court: CA AlbertaParty: Pro Se Litigant
Secondary evidenceJudicial & Law Enforcement ·Generative AI ·Liability & AccountabilityIssuing institution: CA Alberta